graft

英 [ɡrɑːft]

美 [ɡræft]

n.  接穗; 嫁接; 移植的皮肤(或骨骼等); 移植; 艰苦的工作
v.  移植(皮肤、骨骼等); 嫁接; 使(思想、制度等)成为(…的一部分); 植根

过去分词：grafted　过去式：grafted　复数：grafts　现在分词：grafting　第三人称单数：grafts　

TOEFLGRETEM8

Collins.1 / BNC.14199 / COCA.14077

牛津词典

noun

• 接穗；嫁接
  a piece cut from a living plant and fixed in a cut made in another plant, so that it grows there; the process or result of doing this
• 移植的皮肤（或骨骼等）；移植
  a piece of skin, bone, etc. removed from a living body and placed in another part of the body which has been damaged; the process or result of doing this
  1. a skin graft
     皮移植片
• 艰苦的工作
  hard work
  1. Their success was the result of years of hard graft .
     他们的成功是多年艰苦奋斗的结果。
• 行贿；贿赂；受贿；赃款
  the use of illegal or unfair methods, especially bribery , to gain advantage in business, politics, etc.; money obtained in this way

verb

• 移植（皮肤、骨骼等）
  to take a piece of skin, bone, etc. from one part of the body and attach it to a damaged part
  1. newly grafted tissue
     新移植的组织
  2. New skin had to be grafted on from his back.
     需从他的背部移植新皮肤。
• 嫁接
  to cut a piece from a living plant and attach it to another plant
• 使（思想、制度等）成为（…的一部分）；植根
  to make one idea, system, etc. become part of another one
  1. Old values are being grafted onto a new social class.
     旧的价值观念正植根于新的社会阶层。
• 卖力地工作
  to work hard

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 移植的皮肤（或骨骼）;移植的器官
  Agraftis a piece of healthy skin or bone, or a healthy organ, which is attached to a damaged part of your body by a medical operation in order to replace it.
  1. I am having a skin graft on my arm soon.
     我马上就要接受手臂的皮肤移植手术。
• VERB 将（皮肤等）移植到
  If a piece of healthy skin or bone or a healthy organis grafted ontoa damaged part of your body, it is attached to that part of your body by a medical operation.
  1. The top layer of skin has to be grafted onto the burns.
     必须将表层皮肤移植到烫伤处。
• VERB 将…嫁接（到）
  If a part of one plant or treeis graftedonto another plant or tree, they are joined together so that they will become one plant or tree, often in order to produce a new variety.
  1. Pear trees are grafted on quince rootstocks.
     梨树被嫁接到榅的根茎上。
• VERB 将…接入（到另一思想或制度）
  If yougraftone idea or systemon toanother, you try to join one to the other.
  1. The Japanese tried to graft their own methods on to this different structure.
     日本人试图将自己的方法移植到这种不同的体制中。
• N-UNCOUNT 劳累的工作；重活
  Graftmeans hard work.
  1. His career has been one of hard graft.
     他从事的职业劳动强度很大。
• N-UNCOUNT 贪污；受贿
  In politics,graftis used to refer to the activity of using power or authority to obtain money dishonestly.
  1. ...another politician accused of graft.
     又一位被控贪污的政界人物

英英释义

noun

• the act of grafting something onto something else
  Synonym:grafting
• the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage
  Synonym:bribery
• (surgery) tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient
  Synonym:transplant

verb

• place the organ of a donor into the body of a recipient
  Synonym:transplant
• cause to grow together parts from different plants
  1. graft the cherry tree branch onto the plum tree
  Synonym:engraftingraft

双语例句

• It's hard graft carrying stones.
  搬运石头是件苦差事。
• Objective To probe the method of autologous conchal cartilage and subcutaneous fascia tissue graft in nasal tip plasty.
  目的：介绍自体耳郭软骨皮下筋膜组织复合物在鼻尖整形中的应用方法。
• Surface modification was developed via self-polymerization of dopamine and covalent graft of heparin.
  方法：通过多巴胺的自聚合和肝素的共价接枝对纯钛进行表面修饰。
• I am having a skin graft on my arm soon.
  我马上就要接受手臂的皮肤移植手术。
• Effeets of monomer concentration and reaction time on the graft copolymerization were studied.
  考察了单体浓度、发剂浓度、合温度对接枝共聚反应的影响。
• Pear trees are grafted on quince rootstocks.
  梨树被嫁接到榅的根茎上。
• This study aims to investigate whether splenocytes can be used to maintain chimerism and to prolong graft survival.
  这项研究旨在要研究脾细胞是否能够用于维持嵌合状态和延长移植物存活时间。
• He was accused of graft and embezzlement and was chained and thrown into prison.
  他因被指控贪污盗窃而锒铛入狱。
• Objective: To study the price about the bone graft used in femoral neck fracture cannulated screw internal fixation.
  目的：探讨骨瓣移植在青壮年股骨颈骨折空心钉内固定中应用的效果。
• Graft could not recovery the ultrastructure, anatomy and biomechanics of the normal ligament.
  重建后的韧带并不能恢复正常的超微结构、解剖学特征和生物力学性能。