fundamental

英 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl]

美 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl]

adj.  十分重大的; 根本的; 基础的; 基本的; 不能再分的
n.  基本规律; 根本法则; 基本原理; 基础

复数：fundamentals　

高考CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM4TEM8

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.2031 / COCA.2328

同义词辨析

elementaryelementalfundamentalprimary【导航词义：初级的，基本的】

牛津词典

adj.

• 十分重大的；根本的
  serious and very important; affecting the most central and important parts of sth
  1. There is a fundamental difference between the two points of view.
     这两个观点有根本区别。
  2. A fundamental change in the organization of health services was required.
     公共医疗在组织上需要有一个根本性的变革。
  3. a question of fundamental importance
     首要问题
• 基础的；基本的
  central; forming the necessary basis of sth
  1. Hard work is fundamental to success.
     勤奋工作是成功的基础。
• 基本的；不能再分的
  forming the source or base from which everything else is made; not able to be divided any further
  1. a fundamental particle
     基本粒子

noun

• 基本规律；根本法则；基本原理；基础
  a basic rule or principle; an essential part
  1. the fundamentals of modern physics
     现代物理学的基本原理
  2. He taught me the fundamentals of the job.
     他教给了我这工作的基本知识。

柯林斯词典

• ADJ-GRADED 基本的;根本的;主要的;基础的
  You usefundamentalto describe things, activities, and principles that are very important or essential. They affect the basic nature of other things or are the most important element upon which other things depend.
  1. Our constitution embodies all the fundamental principles of democracy...
     我们的宪法体现了民主的所有基本原则。
  2. A fundamental human right is being withheld from these people...
     这些人被剥夺了一项最基本的人权。
  3. Technical skill is a fundamental basis for most, if not all, great art.
     技巧即使不是所有伟大艺术、也是其中大多数的根本基础。
• ADJ-GRADED 根本性的;固有的;根深蒂固的
  You usefundamentalto describe something which exists at a deep and basic level, and is therefore likely to continue.
  1. But on this question, the two leaders have very fundamental differences...
     但在这个问题上，两位领导人有着根本性的分歧。
  2. Amnesty says there are fundamental flaws in their military justice system.
     国际特赦组织称他们的军事司法体系存在着根本性的缺陷。
• ADJ 必需的;不可或缺的
  If one thingis fundamental toanother, it is absolutely necessary to it, and the second thing cannot exist, succeed, or be imagined without it.
  1. He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the well-being of the area...
     他相信和中国建立更加良好的关系对这一地区的繁荣发展至关重要。
  2. The method they pioneered remains fundamental to research into the behaviour of nerve cells.
     他们首创的方法在神经细胞活动的研究中一直是不可或缺的。
• ADJ 最根本的;最重要的
  You can usefundamentalto show that you are referring to what you consider to be the most important aspect of a situation, and that you are not concerned with less important details.
  1. The fundamental problem lies in their inability to distinguish between reality and invention...
     最根本的问题在于他们无法分清现实和虚构。
  2. It was not simply a practical matter, but a fundamental question of principle.
     那不仅仅是个实际问题，更是一个根本性的原则问题。
• ADJ (研究)基础性的
  Fundamentalresearch into a subject is concerned with gaining knowledge about the subject itself, rather than its practical aspects.
  1. Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research, not applied research.
     行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究，而非应用性研究。

英英释义

noun

• the lowest tone of a harmonic series
  Synonym:fundamental frequencyfirst harmonic
• any factor that could be considered important to the understanding of a particular business
  1. fundamentals include a company's growth, revenues, earnings, management, and capital structure

adj

• serving as an essential component
  1. a cardinal rule
  2. the central cause of the problem
  3. an example that was fundamental to the argument
  4. computers are fundamental to modern industrial structure
  Synonym:cardinalcentralkeyprimal
• being or involving basic facts or principles
  1. the fundamental laws of the universe
  2. a fundamental incomatibility between them
  3. these rudimentary truths
  4. underlying principles
  Synonym:rudimentaryunderlying
• far-reaching and thoroughgoing in effect especially on the nature of something
  1. the fundamental revolution in human values that has occurred
  2. the book underwent fundamental changes
  3. committed the fundamental error of confusing spending with extravagance
  4. profound social changes
  Synonym:profound

双语例句

• They believe that a fundamental change in the governance of Britain is the key to all other necessary changes.
  他们认为从根本上改变英国的统治方式是促成其他所有必要变革的关键所在。
• Britain's worst jail riot will force a fundamental reappraisal of prison policy
  英国最严重的监狱暴动会迫使政府对监狱政策进行彻底的重新评估。
• I am not cast down by it because I believe in the fundamental strength of the business
  这件事并没有使我灰心，因为我相信企业的深厚根基。
• The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.
  农业的根本出路在于机械化。
• Technical skill is a fundamental basis for most, if not all, great art.
  技巧即使不是所有伟大艺术、也是其中大多数的根本基础。
• I knew she had some fundamental problems in her marriage because she had confided in me a year earlier
  我知道她的婚姻存在一些根本性的问题，早在一年前她就向我倾诉过。
• One of the fundamental bars to communication is the lack of a universally spoken, common language
  交流的一个基本障碍就是缺少一种大家都说的通用语。
• Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research, not applied research.
  行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究，而非应用性研究。
• That is the fundamental difference between the two societies
  那是这两个社会之间的根本性差异。
• His only fundamental mistake, he insists, is that he was 20 years before his time.
  他坚持认为，他仅有的根本性错误是他比时代超前了20年。